A Constructive-Causal Model for The Relationship Between Subjective Vitality, Mindfulness, And Hopeful Thinking Among Postgraduate Students at Al-Quds Open University

Abstract

Abstract The study aimed to uncover the causal structural model of the relationships between subjective vitality, mindfulness, and hopeful thinking among graduate students at Al-Quds Open University. A descriptive correlational approach was employed, utilizing measures of subjective vitality, mindfulness, and hopeful thinking applied to a convenience sample of 328 graduate students at Al-Quds Open University during the academic year 2024-2025. The study results revealed the existence of a causal model illustrating the direct and indirect effects and interactions among the pathways between subjective vitality as an independent variable, mindfulness as a mediating variable, and hopeful thinking as a dependent variable. The findings also indicated a statistically significant positive correlation between subjective vitality and hopeful thinking, as well as a statistically significant positive correlation between hopeful thinking and mindfulness. Additionally, the results showed no statistically significant differences in subjective vitality or hopeful thinking attributable to the variables of gender or academic specialization. However, statistically significant differences were found based on employment status, favoring employed students. No statistically significant differences in mindfulness were observed based on the variables of gender, academic specialization, or employment status.